MnO2-directed synthesis of NiFe-LDH@FeOOH nanosheeet arrays for supercapacitor negative electrode

The complex-architectured NiFe-LDH@FeOOH negative material was first prepared by simple two-step hydrothermal method. In this study, the porous nanostructure of FeOOH nanosheets features a large number of accessible channels to electroactive sites and the two-dimensional layered structure of NiFe-LDH nanosheets have an open spatial structure with high specific surface area, which enhance the diffusion of ions in the active material. Benefited from above advantages, the excellent electrochemical properties were demonstrated. NiFe-LDH@FeOOH nanocomposites present high specific capacitance (1195 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g), lower resistance and well cycling performance (90.36% retention after 1000 cycles). Furthermore, the NiFe-LDH@MnO₂//NiFe-LDH@FeOOH supercapacitor exhibits 22.68 Wh/kg energy density at 750 W/kg power density, demonstrating potential application in energy storage devices.     

Behaviour of silicon ointment for power-cable insulation under external heating

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The burning process and typical fire parameters of power-cable silicon ointment were explored experimentally using a cone calorimeter, and the effects...     

化学实验室安全教育实效研究*——以大二学生为例

为考察化学实验室安全教育实效,本文对天津理工大学化学化工学院大二学生的实验室焦虑、安全态度、安全意识以及安全知识进行问卷调查。调查结果表明:实验室焦虑存在性别差异,女生焦虑情绪比男生严重;参加过安全教育培训学生比未参加安全培训学生安全态度更为端正。回归分析表明:实验室焦虑、安全态度和安全知识都与安全意图显著正相关。基于统计分析结果,提出以下安全培训提升策略:关注学生心理安全,加强情绪疏导,克服实验室焦虑;优化安全教育模式,发挥学生主观能动性,提高安全教育实效。最后,安全教育也是立德树人的过程,通过安全教育,将学生培养成为敬畏生命、敬畏责任、敬畏规章、具有正确安全道德价值观的化工行业从业人员。     

Chemical composition of PM_(2.5) during winter in Tianjin,China

PM2.5 samples for 24 h were collected during winter in Tianjin,China. The ambient mass concentration and chemical composition of the PM2.5 were determined. Ionic species were analyzed by ion chromatog-raphy,while carbonaceous species were determined with the IMPROVE thermal optical reectance(TOR) method,and inorganic elements were measured by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spec-trometer. The daily PM2.5 mass concentrations ranged from 48.2 to 319.2 g/m3 with an arithmetic average of 144.6 g/m3. ...     

大一学生化学实验室安全基础知识调查研究*

为考察大一学生化学实验室安全基础知识,对天津理工大学化学化工学院大一学生警示标识、危险化学品性质、废弃物处理及意外处置等安全知识进行问卷调查。结果表明:60.4%的学生将易燃标识与氧化剂标识混淆;在危险化学品性质和酸/碱撒漏处理方面有待加强。基于以上结果,在后续安全教育过程中,普及GHS标识及MSDS,对相关知识进行针对性的查漏补缺;充分利用线上资源,弥补线下教育因时间有限、容量有限导致的不足。     

金属丝的杨氏模量测定实验的改进

对金属丝杨氏模量测定仪重新设计.将金属丝水平放置,在中点处悬挂重物,通过测量金属丝伸长后的转角,进而测量金属丝的杨氏模量.     

同步荧光光谱方法测定柴油中的溶剂油

同步荧光光谱方法与表面荧光技术结合,研究了柴油中混120#溶剂油的荧光光谱.通过佑发射峰位置蓝移程度可以快速分析出柴油中是否含有120#溶剂油,并发现含有120#溶剂油的柴油其发射峰相对纯柴油的发射峰偏移量与柴油中含有120#溶剂油的百分含量具有一定的关系.通过这种关系可以定性的判断出柴油中掺杂120#溶剂油的多少,这对于分析市场上柴油的真伪、维护市场稳定具有重要的意义.     

电极界面浓差极化对锂金属沉积的影响

锂金属作为下一代高能量密度电池的理想负极材料受到研究人员广泛关注。然而,锂枝晶生长引起的安全隐患和循环寿命短等问题严重影响了锂金属电池的实用化进程。本文以电化学现象和理论为依据,从浓差极化角度详细分析锂金属电沉积过程中枝晶生长、死锂形成和全电池失效机制,并对目前研究较多的多孔宿主电极中的浓差极化及枝晶抑制进行分析,提出锂金属界面浓差电池现象。本文得到的结论为研究人员更深入地探究锂金属保护策略提供了理论依据。     

Water-dispersible hydroxyapatite nanorods synthesized by a facile method

A simple and effective method, using calcium nitrate and triammonium phosphate as starting materials, for the preparation of water-dispersible hydroxyapatite nanorods (HAp) was reported. The process primarily involves the preparation of HAp with the addition of sodium citrate (NaC) and the exchange of absorbed ions (NaC) with sodium hexame taphosphate (NaP). The end products were investigated using various means in order to confirm the particles’ crystal phase and morphology and to understand how to improve their stability. The results demonstrate that the resulting HAp at 90 °C is rod-like with length of 300-400 nm and width of 40-60 nm. The zeta potential values of pure HAp, HAp-NaC, HAp-NaC/NaP are from −15.20, −30.89 to −44.84 mV. The settling time test shows the HAp-NaC/NaP could keep stable above 7 months without any creaming or visible sedimentation. The amount of NaC and the reaction temperature play significant roles in the whole process due to the formation of Ca containing precipitates.     

Effects of delayed recovery and nonuniform transmission on the spreading of diseases in complex networks

We investigate the effects of delaying the time to recovery (delayed recovery) and of nonuniform transmission on the propagation of diseases on structured populations. Through a mean-field approximation and large-scale numerical simulations, we find that postponing the transition from the infectious to the recovered states can largely reduce the epidemic threshold, therefore promoting the outbreak of epidemics. On the other hand, if we consider nonuniform transmission among individuals, the epidemic threshold increases, thus inhibiting the spreading process. When both mechanisms are at work, the latter might prevail, hence resulting in an increase of the epidemic threshold with respect to the standard case, in which both ingredients are absent. Our findings are of interest for a better understanding of how diseases propagate on structured populations and to a further design of efficient immunization strategies.